什么?人不是最先驯化动物的动物?
撰文 | 计永胜
编辑 | 叶水送
犬化石标本的出土地点及时间(图源:Annu. Rev. Anim. Biosci.)
蚂蚁为蚜虫提供“保护伞”,免受其他昆虫侵袭,而蚜虫给予蚂蚁的回报是“甘甜的蜜露”。(图源:naturally curious with mary holland)
切叶蚁(Leaf-Cutter Ants)将树叶进行切割后运到蚁巢用于种植真菌。(图源:Insects)
爱特蚁族的进化和分类(图源:The American Naturalist)
暗翅足距小蠹在孔道产卵,并培植真菌(灰色)。(图源:Proc. R. Soc. B)
参考资料
[1] Frank O. Aylward, Cameron R. Currie and Garret Suen, The Evolutionary Innovation of Nutritional Symbioses in Leaf-Cutter Ants. Insects 2012, 3, 41-61; doi:10.3390/insects3010041
[2] Adam H. Freedman and Robert K. Wayne, Deciphering the Origin of Dogs: From Fossils to Genomes. Annu. Rev. Anim. Biosci. 2017. 5:17.1–17.27; DOI: 10.1146/annurev-animal-022114-110937
[3] Alexander S. Mikheyev, Ulrich G. Mueller, and Patrick Abbot, Comparative Dating of Attine Ant and Lepiotaceous Cultivar Phylogenies Reveals Coevolutionary Synchrony and Discord. Am. Nat. 2010. Vol. 175, pp. E126–E133. DOI: 10.1086/652472
[4] Jiri Hulcr, and Robert R. Dunn, The sudden emergence of pathogenicity in insect–fungus symbioses threatens naive forest ecosystems. Proc. R. Soc. B (2011) 278, 2866–2873; doi:10.1098/rspb.2011.1130